Chuhaa / Chuha

Does chuuhaa mean mouse or rat? I have always thought of it as mouse, but maybe it can mean both? I also know it can mean a snitch or tattletale (mukhbir), like "rat" in English. Are there separate common words for mouse and rat...? I have also heard muushak.

I can tell only for Hindi:

In Hindi, Chooha चूहा is meant for both mouse and rat.

Mushak मूषक is the Sanskrit word for rat/mouse. It is used in Hindi too.

Very small size rats or mouse are often called "chuhiyaa" चुहिया in Hindi, to differentiate it from bigger size rats. "Chuhiyaa" चुहिया I think is actually a feminine word for "chuhaa" चूहा , but one can use it to mean a small size mouse. But in general the word is same "chuhaa" चूहा for both rat/mouse. Mushak / मूषक is Sanskrit word which is also used as it is in Hindi.

मूषक
चूहा
चुहिया

Ravaiyya / Vyavhaar

This question is strictly referring to common Hindi, not in Urdu where this word's meaning may be closer to its original Persian meaning. Would rawaiyaa be better translated as a custom or a stance/attitude?

In Hindi, रवैय्या is taken as an attitude or a behavior. It is almost never used to mean "custom" in Hindi, for which there are other words like paramparaa परंपरा .

When spoken for a collective set of people to indicate their custom there are other words like paramparaa परंपरा. But when spoken for an individual or a even a set of people to indicate their behavior or attitude, "ravaiyaa" रवैय्या is used, along with some words like "vyavhaar" व्यवहार which means the same and both words are used for the same in Hindi.

रवैय्या / व्यवहार - bahaviour / attitude
परंपरा - custom

It is our custom to offer food to the visitors. यह हमारी परंपरा है कि हम अतिथियों को भोजन पर आमंत्रित करते हैं.

If they don't change their attitude, we would have to do something about them. अगर उन्होंने अपना रवैया / व्यवहार नहीं बदला तो हमें कुछ करना होगा.

Haldi, hardi, haridra

Question in Red Font:

I learnt the pronunciations chaawar (uncooked rice) and hardii (turmeric) instead of chaaval and haldii. How common is this merger of <l> and <r> in India?

I have heard that Bhojpuri-speakers do this as well. Is it done in Awadhi?

My family originally came from a village in the district of Allahabad, but this may have been something that was picked up from others after coming to Jamaica...

=>

You are right that chaawar and hardi are spoken by many in India. You are right about Bhojpuri for sure. I am not sure about Awadhi though.

It appears that even in Sindhi language it is spoken as chawar. See these pages on Sindhi cuisine mention the word "chawar" for "chaawal":

Sabu dal chawar ( yellow daal with rice) [Link] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhi_cuisine

Sabu dal chawar & Bugha Chawar http://www.indianetzone.com/53/sindhi_cuisine.htm

Also, there is a hotel Kailash Parbat in Singapore which has on its menu:

SEYAL CHAWAR (Rice flavoured with caramelized onion, tomatoes & fresh coriander) [Ref]

Thank you!

It is interesting that you mention Sindhi, and Panjabigator mentions both Sindhi and Gujarati. Those languages have their heartlands quite a distance from the Bhojpuri heartland, yet all three may exhibit the same tendency to use an <r> in words that have an <l> in their cognates in most dialects of Hindi. I wonder if the underlying reason is the same for all three languages.

One another not, I see chaaval used to refered to what people eat all the time. Is it safe to assume that our use of chaawar only for uncooked rice, and bhaat for cooked rice, is a regional usage? Would bhaat be understood by all Hindi- and Urdu-speakers?

"bhaat" is used for boiled rice by all Hindi speakers, but in the cities they use more of "chaawal" than "bhaat". Ideally, "bhaat" should be used for cooked/bolied rice and "chaawal" for uncooked, but "chaawal" is now used for both. So to be safe if one is new to the language, one can say "chaawal" for both and it would look more natural... If you notice someone saying "bhaat" then you can use it in conversation with that person...

I checked Platts', and he lists hardii as a variant of haldii, as well as giving this etymology for haldii: [Prk. हलद्दी, or हलद्दा; S. हरिद्रा]. The original Sanskrit word had an <r>, which shifted to an <l> in Prakrit. Perhaps some Prakrit dialects retained the <r>, and that may explain the hardii (though it doesn't explain chaawar). IIRC, Gujarati, Sindhi, and Bhojpuri are descended from different Prakrits dialects than Khariboli is. I believe Bhojpuri is descended from the same Prakrit as Bengali.

I looked up the words in Bengali to see if they are similar.

হরিদ্রা (p. 1047) [ haridrā ] n turmeric. ̃বর্ণ n. & a. yellow. ˜ভ a. yellowish.
হলদি (p. 1047) [ haladi ] n (dial.) turmeric.

Bengali has both an <r>-version and an <l>-version, though the <r>-version seems to be the more standard one.

You are right that the root word for haldi or hardi is Haridra हरिद्रा from Sanskrit. All these languages are sister-languages coming out ultimately from Sanskrit and hence while their words carry a certain distinctions, those can be traced back to the original word.

हरिद्रा

हरिद्रा , की परिभाषा हरिद्रा , का अर्थ हरिद्रा - हरिद्रासंज्ञा स्त्री० [सं०] १. हलदी । २. एक नदी का नाम । ३. वन । जंगल ।—अनेकार्थ (शब्द०)। ४. मंगल ।—अनेकार्थ (शब्द०)। ५. सीसा धातु ।—अनेकार्थ (शब्द०)। ६. निशा । उ०—कहत हरिद्रा बनथली, निशा हरिद्रा होइ । बहुरि हरिद्रा मंगली, हरद हरिद्रा सोइ ।—अनेकार्थ०, पृ० १६१ । [Ref]

There are some related words coming out of the word Haridra:

हरिद्राभ ^१वि० [सं०] पीतवर्ण का । पीला ।

It is so since Haldi/Hardi/Haridra is yellow in color.

हरिद्रागणपतिसंज्ञा पुं० [सं०] गणपति या गणेश जी की एक मूर्ति जिनपर मंत्र पढ़कर हलदी चढ़ाई जाती है ।

There is another interesting fact: While हरिद्रा or Haldi/Hardi is yellow, हरि, which is Lord Vishnu's name, has also got the color associated with Him as yellow. Lord Vishnu is represented wearing yellow clothes. As this page says, "The color yellow is associated with earthly existence and the yellow clothes of the Lord signify that He incarnates Himself on this earth to uphold righteousness and destroy evil and unrighteousness." [Ref] And Hari is a name of Vishnu himself! Hari, as in Haridra! Or Hardi which came from it! It is so interesting to see how things are related to each other...

Another interesting quote. This one is from the immensely respected Guru Granth Sahib taken from here [Link]

ਕਬੀਰ ਹਰਦੀ ਪੀਰਤਨੁ ਹਰੈ ਚੂਨ ਚਿਹਨੁ ਨ ਰਹਾਇ ॥

कबीर हरदी पीरतनु हरै चून चिहनु न रहाइ ॥
Kabīr harḏī pīrṯan harai cẖūn cẖihan na rahā▫e.
Kabeer, turmeric has lost its yellow color, and no trace of lime's whiteness remains.

Here also, turmeric is called "hardi"... 

 

ज़िन्दगी

"भागते वक़्त से पिछड़ती, पतंग की डोर सी उलझती-सुलझती ज़िन्दगी..
कभी दबती इमारतों में कहीं, कभी आकाश में उड़ान भरती ज़िन्दगी..

गहरे पानी में अथाह खजाने सी तो.. कभी किनारे पे मिट्टी सी होती ज़िन्दगी..
बड़ी अजीब सी फिर भी आकर्षक लगती, मुझे कभी अपनी, कभी तुम्हारी ज़िन्दगी.. "

 

- लता ओझा 

chhalla (game)

What is Chhalla (game)?

Shabdkosh gives the following meanings of Hindi word छल्ला:

1) lock (noun)
2) bush (noun)
3) chain (noun)
4) curl (noun)
5) hoop (noun)
6) ringlet (noun)
7) ring (noun)
8) sleeper (noun)
9) swirl (noun)
10) tress (noun)

छल्ला के लिये पर्यायवाची शब्द (Synonym words for chhalla)...

1) छल्ला कड़ा

Most of the times I have heard it being used in the meaning of (1) कड़ा, which is worn in the wrist mostly by males and (2) चाभियों का गुच्छा ya छल्ला, a bunch of keys in the key-ring.

In the meaning of (1), it is often made of peetal or brass metal. E.g. कर्क राशि के लिए दाहिने हाथ में सोने या पीतल का छल्ला धारण करें। It is also meant for the ring that is worn in the nose in India e.g. नाक के छल्ले और झुमके अक्सर माणिक, नीलम और पन्ना के कीमती पत्थरों से सजाया जाता है.

I think it can be used to mean ring - or anguthi too, but that anguthi won't have a pearl or a stone mounted in it. Chhalla as it is meant most of the time is of circular shape without any attachment like a stone mounting.

But it is more indicative towards "shape" and not the material making it. E.g., it can be used to tell a "chhalla of smoke" (as puffed out of cigaret) E.g. मनाली माल पर धुएं के छल्ले उड़ाना पड़ सकता है महंगा.

Also, a "curl of hair" is also called "chhalla" [Ref], indicating that it is more about the round shape.

For the game in the same name, I don't remember it with the same name of "chhalla", but as same/similar popular chindren games are played in different parts of the country in different name, may be I would be able to guess after someone explains what kind of game it is...

"Chhalla" / छल्ला

छल्ला
Shabdkosh gives the following meanings of Hindi word छल्ला:

1) lock (noun)
2) bush (noun)
3) chain (noun)
4) curl (noun)
5) hoop (noun)
6) ringlet (noun)
7) ring (noun)
8) sleeper (noun)
9) swirl (noun)
10) tress (noun)

छल्ला के लिये पर्यायवाची शब्द (Synonym words for chhalla)...
1) छल्ला कड़ा

Most of the times I have heard it being used in the meaning of (1) कड़ा, which is worn in the wrist mostly by males and (2) चाभियों का गुच्छा ya छल्ला, a bunch of keys in the key-ring.

In the meaning of (1), it is often made of peetal or brass metal. E.g. कर्क राशि के लिए दाहिने हाथ में सोने या पीतल का छल्ला धारण करें। It is also meant for the ring that is worn in the nose in India e.g. नाक के छल्ले और झुमके अक्सर माणिक, नीलम और पन्ना के कीमती पत्थरों से सजाया जाता है.

I think it can be used to mean ring - or anguthi too, but that anguthi won't have a pearl or a stone mounted in it. Chhalla as it is meant most of the time is of circular shape without any attachment like a stone mounting.

But it is more indicative towards "shape" and not the material making it. E.g., it can be used to tell a "chhalla of smoke" (as puffed out of cigaret) E.g. मनाली माल पर धुएं के छल्ले उड़ाना पड़ सकता है महंगा.

Also, a "curl of hair" is also called "chhalla" [Ref], indicating that it is more about the round shape. e from the talkative, toleration from the intolerant, and kindness from the unkind »

स्वयंवर for males

Can we say Swayamvar for males?

Very interesting question

This concept of स्वयंवर is an ancient custom in the lands of Bharat (India), where a gathering was organized from prospective males interested to marry the lady, and there was also some kind of an elimination-process - a challenge - given to prove their strength and capability. The girl was open to choose any males she wishes, but if there was a competition, she had to accept the winner no matter who he was. Our mythologies would tell about many swayamvars being organized, e.g. for Sita during Ramayana time, for Rukmini and for Draupadi during Mahabharata time.

I think this concept was more applicable for women, because they in general had to marry the boy her parents chose. Since, this concept of "choosing one's groom oneself" was so unique that it got a name like Swayamvar. I think it also got a name because it was "an organized event with a process and a set of rules". If a competition was organized as part of Swayamvar and the girl rejected the male who won it - then a fighting would break out. Therefore, not all kings decided to organize a Swayamvar for their daughters, fearing that may be some poor fellow or someone from their enemies may win the contest. As it happened during most Swayamvars, a lot of ill-intentioned males went to take part with the sole intention to "win" the contest and show-off their strength - without truely appreciating the merits of the girl. For example, even Duryodhana went to take part in Draupadi's Swayamvar, with intention to exert his power.

One can say स्वयंवधू for a process of a man selecting his bride, but this won't have anything to do with the ancient Aryan custom of स्वयंवर...

Lyric: Mein Chhup Kar Mujhi Se Duur

Question: Hi, everyone! I´m trying to find a beautiful song lyrics in hindi; would anyone be able to help me? The title is "Man ki Ankhon Se". I got the title´s translation, which is "With the heart´s eyes", but I would like to also have the lyrics and teh translation into English. Thanks!

--

If this is the correct song, you can read the full lyrics here: [Link]

http://www.hindilyrix.com/songs/get_song_Mujhi Mein Chhup Kar Mujhi Se Duur.html

Here is a portion:

mujhi mein chhup kar mujhi se duur

ye kaisa dastuur re maalik ye kaisa dastuur

maine man ki aankhon se to dekha hai sau baar tujhe

lekin tan ki aankhon se bhi de darshan ik baar mujhe

darshan de phir chhin le ankhiyaan ye mujhako manjuur

re maalik ye mujhako manjuur

mujhi mein chhup kar

--

chali hava jab tan ko chhu kar maine tujhe pahachaan liya

tujh bin komal haath ye kisaka hoga maine jaan liya

dhuup hava sab ruup hain tere sab mein tera nuur

re maalik sab mein tera nuur

mujhi mein chhup kar

--

sachche dil se naam luun tera nirdhan ki yahi puuja hai

andhiyaare mein saathi koyi aur na tum bin duuja hai

teri kushi mein kush hain daata ham bande majabuur

re maalik ham bande majabuur

mujhi mein chhup kar

mujhi mein chhup kar mujhi se duur => Hiding inside me but away from me

ye kaisa dastuur re maalik ye kaisa dastuur => Oh God, what kind of fate is this?

maine man ki aankhon se to dekha hai sau baar tujhe => I see You hundred times through the eyes of my heart.

lekin tan ki aankhon se bhi de darshan ik baar mujhe => But once let me see You through the bodily eyes too.

darshan de phir chhin le ankhiyaan ye mujhako manjuur => Let me see You once and then I would accept even if I lose my eyes forever.

re maalik ye mujhako manjuur => Yes God, it is acceptable to me (to lose my eyes after seeing you once through them)

mujhi mein chhup kar => Hiding inside me...

--

chali hava jab tan ko chhu kar maine tujhe pahachaan liya => When the wind blows touching my body, I can recognize You.

tujh bin komal haath ye kisaka hoga maine jaan liya => Without you, I have recognized whose soft hand this can be...

dhuup hava sab ruup hain tere sab mein tera nuur => Be it sunlight or the wind - all are Your forms and Your beauty is in all things.

re maalik sab mein tera nuur => Yes God, Your beauty is in everything...

mujhi mein chhup kar => Hiding inside me...

--

sachche dil se naam luun tera nirdhan ki yahi puuja hai => I take Your name with the truest heart; and this is the worship of this poor person.

andhiyaare mein saathi koyi aur na tum bin duuja hai => In this darkness, I have no other friend than You.

teri kushi mein kush hain daata ham bande majabuur => We helpless people are happy in whatever is Your happiness, O Giver!

re maalik ham bande majabuur => Oh God, we are helpess people...

mujhi mein chhup kar => Hiding inside me...

---

If you have any specific queries you can plz let me know. To me this song indicates towards the Advaita philosophy...

"Murchchdhana" in Sanskrit

Someone asked what is the meaning of "Murchchdhana"?

"murchha" is मूर्छा meaning "unconsciousness".

The later part seems to come from the Sanskrit word Sādhanā साधना literally meaning "a means of accomplishing something".

So this weapon seems to be the one which was used to make a person unconscious. It appears to me that it is indicating towards the same weapon which is called by the name of Shakti at many places.

Here is a narrative of how this weapon worked during the Ram-Ravana war in Ramayana:

[QUOTE]He combined his skills of sorcery and deceptive warfare, repeatedly vanishing and reappearing behind Lakshmana's back to catch him off-guard, when used his fiercest and deadliest weapon, Shakti. On being impaled in the back by the weapon, Lakshmana fell unconscious, poised to die precisely at the following sunrise. His life was saved by Lord Hanuman, who kidnapped the Rajvaidya (royal physician) Sushena from the Lankan fortress and brought the whole mountain of Dronagiri from the Himalayas to Lanka overnight to find the remedy (the magical herb - Sanjivani) for the weapon used by Indrajit. [Ref]
[/QUOTE]

So we can guess about the weapon and the root words : मूर्छा and साधन...

Jootha as different from Jhootha in Hindi

In Hindi:

jhootha झूठा - one who tells lies, or a liar
jootha जूठा - a food or an item which has been partially eaten or touched by mouth by someone else.

Both words are very different. At times people misspell "jootha" with "jhootha" (or any word with "J" as starting with "Jh") and it is wrong to do so.

You will not find this concept of "jootha" in many other cultures and this is unique to the culture of Hindus. Hindus avoid eating someone else's "jootha" making it a point of hygiene. (this concept may also be applicable to even those who are not exactly Hindus in India; because of culture impacts society and is not exactly binding on a religion alone). But in general this concept came from Hindu culture and Hinduism.

In fact there is no exact translation available for this word in many languages, because in their culture it was not considered wrong to eat from someone else's partially-taken food and hence they never had such a word.

===

In general, Hindi speakers don't care much about the "j" or "z" sound and most of the time they speak "j" sound only.

On the issue of so called "correct" pronunciation of words from Urdu, here you can read a very interesting article and viewpoint [Link]

Daal and bhaat chaah kar ke khaao.

Daal and bhaat chaah kar ke khaao. I have heard this phrase used to mean I want daal and bhaat to eat. The person I heard this from said that he wasn't sure if the correct way to say it Daal and bhaat chaah kar ke khaao or Daal and bhaat ka chaar ke khao. 

The breakup of the sentence given by you is correct. More:

1) If one wants to say "I want daal and bhaat to eat", one can say, "Mujhe daal-bhaat khane ko deejiye/do". मुझे दाल-भात खाने को दीजिये. ("deejiye" to an elder person and "do" to a younger person)

2) "Daal and bhaat chaah kar ke khaao." is an unusual sentence if not wrong. People seldom say it to mean "I want to eat daal-bhaat".

3) "Daal aur bhaat maang kar khao". (दाल और भात माँग कर खाओ.) => Means "Please ask for daal-bhaat to eat."

4) "Daal aur bhaat ka chaar ke khao" => This doesn't have any proper meaning.

5) "Daal aur bhaat kachar ke khao" => Some times people say "khachar ke" to mean "to eat voraciously". Though I am not sure if it was said here.

My guess is that the person meant to say #3 from above? "maangna" means "to want" while "chaahna" means "to wish", and "maangna" seems to be more apt here than "chaahna".

Hindi: Merger of and : Chaawar and Hardi for "Chawal" and "Haldi"

Someone asked in which regional languages in India, are "chaawal" and "Haldi" are spoken as "chawar" and "hardi"? Is it spoken like this in Bhojpuri and Awadhi?

I think the person is right that chaawar and hardi are spoken by many in India. It is true about Bhojpuri for sure. I am not sure about Awadhi though.

It appears that even in Sindhi language it is spoken as chawar. See these pages on Sindhi cuisine mention the word "chawar" for "chaawal":

Sabu dal chawar ( yellow daal with rice) [Link] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhi_cuisine

Sabu dal chawar & Bugha Chawar http://www.indianetzone.com/53/sindhi_cuisine.htm

Also, there is a hotel Kailash Parbat in Singapore which has on its menu:

SEYAL CHAWAR (Rice flavoured with caramelized onion, tomatoes & fresh coriander) [Ref]

Use of double adjectives in Hindi

Someone asked if double-adjectives are used in Hindi.

In my opinion (IMO) it depends on the style of the writer/speaker whether he wants to use two adjectives or not. For example, let us see this poem from the great poet Nagarjun:

अमल धवल गिरि के शिखरों पर,
बादल को घिरते देखा है।
छोटे-छोटे मोती जैसे
उसके शीतल तुहिन कणों को,
मानसरोवर के उन स्वर्णिम
कमलों पर गिरते देखा है,
बादल को घिरते देखा है। [Ref]

In the first line, the poet uses two adjectives for the mountain (giri), i.e. "amal dhawal". "Amal" means "pure" or "without any impurity" and "dhawal" means "white".

So you can say that even in this Hindi poem, the word "amal" is emphasizing the other color adjective "dhawal"...

Alternate words for "white" or "safed" in Hindi

There are many words in Hindi for "white" and all are in day to day use. For example, I can think of these (apart from "safed"):

1) shwet श्वेत

2) dhawal धवल

3) gaur गौर

It appears that the word "gora" has come from this Sanskrit word "gaur".

More than this, here is a very good document which tries to trace the history of the word "white". [Ref] It tells:

The word "white" can be traced back all the way to Sanskrit through the word "cvit" (Oxford English Dictionary 263). "White" then came into Proto Indo-European as the word "kweid" or "kwid" and as the Indo-European languages divided and evolved the Proto-Germanic form of "white" became "hwitaz" (Barnhart 1233) and eventually the word came into Old English as "hwaIt" (Oxford English Dictionary 263). Through the evolution of the English language, the word became "whit" in Middle English.

Source: http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/365520/the_word_white_and_its_many_meanings.html

The word "whit" became ultimately the present day "white".

The word "shwet" is used in Hindi, coming directly from Sanskrit. For example:

बहेगा सरिता में जल श्वेत,
समुज्ज्वल दर्पण के अनुरूप,
देखकर जिसमें अपना रूप,
पीत कुसुम की चादर ओढ़ेंगे सरसों के खेत। [Ref] (here the poet uses the word shwet for water, meaning clear/pure)

and:

देखतीं आकाश आँखें!

श्वेत अक्षर पृष्ठ काला,
तारकों की वर्णमाला,
पढ़ रहीं हैं एक जीवन का जटिल इतिहास आँखें!
देखतीं आकाश आँखें! [Ref] (here the noted poet Harivansh Rai Bahchchan is expressing a dark sky with twinkling stars as a black paper and white (shwet) letters on it)


Even the word "dhawal" धवल is used many a time (now a days more often in literature). E.g. in his poem "बादल को घिरते देखा है।", the great poet Nagarjun writes:

अमल धवल गिरि के शिखरों पर,
बादल को घिरते देखा है।
छोटे-छोटे मोती जैसे
उसके शीतल तुहिन कणों को,
मानसरोवर के उन स्वर्णिम
कमलों पर गिरते देखा है,
बादल को घिरते देखा है। [Ref]

In the above lines, the poet uses the word "dhawal" धवल for "white" mountains. He even calls it "amal dhawal" where "amal" means "pure" or "without any impurity" and "dhawal" means "white". So the word "dhawal" indicates both the "color" white as well as the qualities of white depending on the way we want to use it.

It appears that the word "safed" सफ़ेद also came from the Sanskrit word "shwet" श्वेत: Here is the reference for this:

Wilford was quite right, as anyone might know who had the slightest acquaintance with the Persian and Hindustani, in which languages the word "safed", "sufet", "white", is clearly derived from the Sanskrit "Shwet".
Source: The Cambrian journal, Volume 3; By Cambrian Institute, Tenby, Wales [Ref]

Random Seltences in Hindi - 10/2017

देशी ब्रीड के कुत्तों को कोई ये सब कहे तो बात अलग है - पालतू कुत्ते विदेशी नस्ल के होने चाहिए तभी उनपर मॉडर्निस्टों को प्यार आता है.

हेलीकॉप्टर या छोटे जहाज होते हैं जो उतना ऊपर नहीं उड़ते - बाढ़ की विभीषिका नजर आ जाती है अच्छे से. वो कोई रेस्क्यू मिशन पर हर एक फंसे आदमी को नहीं खोज रहे होते .

:) किसी भी विदेश के - विदेश मतलब हमारे से ज्यादा विकसित देश

गाय खेती से जुड़ी है - खेती ऐतिहासिक व्यवसाय होने के कारण "पिछड़ा" है. कुत्ता मॉडर्न एकाकी परिवारों का सदस्य होने के कारण विशेष स्टेटस रखता है. दोनों में कोई तुलना नहीं

शरणार्थिओं को वहाँ बसाना चाहिए जहाँ वो घुल मिल जाएँ. घुल मिल नहीं पाएंगे तो सामाजिक समस्या
लोकल स्तर पर होते हैं - चोरी हत्या से लेकर स्मगलिंग जैसे अपराध करते हैं गलत

रणवीर सिंह की फिल्म आई थी - "गुंडे" - इसमें उसके बचपन की मानसिकता का अच्छा उदाहरण है समझने के लिए.

अगला चुनाव भविष्यवादी और परिवारवादी लोगों के बीच लड़ा जाएगा

हिन्दू धर्म में जीवन 'साइक्लिक' है

दोनों एक दूसरे की गलतियों से सीखें

एक समय था जब आज के २ वालों के पूर्वज भी दस रखते थे.

क्या करें - दुनिया विचारों से संकुचित होती जा रही है

दो से ज्यादा रखने में "असुविधा" होती है

२ तो फिर भी बहुत हैं, आजकल तो १ भी ज्यादा लगता है उन्हें

दुनिया का सारा सुख हमें एक ही जीवन में ले लेना है - असुविधाएँ अखरती हैं


ये जो शोरूम में बिकने वाले जूतों की कम्पनियाँ हैं

ऑनलाइन शॉपिंग में दोनों बिकते हैं

Jugat

What does jugat mean? As in jugat lagaanaa, jugat-baaz, etc...

This is a very interesting word IMO. It is "jugat" जुगत as well as called "jugaad" जुगाड़.

The dictionary meanings are as follows:
जुगत (noun) GADGET, CONTRAPTION, GADGETRY
जुगाड़: (noun) CONTRAPTION, CREATIVE IMPROVISATION, MAKESHIFT
Contraption n. A mechanical device; a gadget; Informal - a device or contrivance, esp one considered strange, unnecessarily intricate, or improvised

"Jugat karna" जुगत करना is used as a verb
जुगत करना - to scheme

I would say that it is used most of the time to mean "to scheme", to try all it takes to do something, or "to make some creative improvisation". (the last one is the interesting aspect I was referring to)

Examples:

सत्ता पर काबिज होने को
जुगत भिड़ाते दल [Ref]
जेब बचाने की जुगत में कई घाव खा बैठा ब्रिटेन
सेंसर से बचने को एकता की जुगत
भू माफियों पर लगाम की जुगत [Ref]
जॉब की जुगत [Ref]

In the examples above, "jugat" means "to scheme".

Now here is a poem on the festival of colors - Holi:

नटखट नये नवेले रंग,
होली के अलबेले रंग.

मस्ती करते, उत्साह जगाते,
होली मिलकर सभी मनाते,
रंगों से कोई बच न पाये,
ऐसी जुगत सदैव लगाते.

करते नये झमेले रंग,
होली के अलबेले रंग. [Ref]

(It is telling that everyone is trying to "jugat lagaanaa" to save oneself from the colors of Holi.

क्या करेंगे
यदि सचमुच कुछ हो गया
महान हिमालय को
कैसे न कैसे कीजिये जुगत
इन सदानीरा पवित्र नदियों को बचाने की
उजड़ते आदिवासियों, बहुरंगी भाषाओं
और सजीली वनस्पतियों के बिना नहीं फलेगा
सभ्यता का बहुवचन

[Ref]

(Here the poet is asking us to do something (jugat keejiye) to avoid destruction of forests and the nature.

Now I will move to the interesting meaning where "jugat" or "jugaad" means creative improvisation. I would refer an article where Darren Gest, an MBA student, recollects his experience with an India based NGO working in the social sector. He comes out to realize how the members of the NGO or people in India make things work in unusual ways or methods, and it is called "jugaad" / "jugaar" (same as "jugat")

I will take out three lines from his article:

"Jugaar is a Hindi term that loosely translates as “things will work out, somehow.” Is a man attempting to fix your car by sucking gas out of a hose? - Jugaar. Or perhaps a shopkeeper does not have 7 rupees in change, so he offers you 5 rupees and a piece of chocolate instead? - Jugaar."

Ref: Someway, Somehow: The valuable lesson I learned in India http://www.vanderbilt.edu/magazines/...meway-somehow/

The title of his article, "Someway, Somehow" itself tells us the meaning of "jugat" or "jugaar"

Daal and bhaat chaah kar ke khaao

Daal and bhaat chaah kar ke khaao.*
I have heard this phrase used to mean I want daal and bhaat to eat. The person I heard it from, learnt it from a message sent to the speaker's wife via a relative. It is from Caribbean Hindustani. Can anyone help me break this down?
I have this so far:
dal = Daal (lentils)
and =and
bhaat = bhaat (cooked rice)
chaah = root for want
kar =root for do???
ke = that perhaps???
khaao = Form of eat. It has an -o ending which as far as I know suggests either imperative or subjunctive second-person. Imperative wouldn't make sense. I don't know what subjunctive means, nor why this would be second person.

*The person I heard this from said that he wasn't sure if the correct way to say it Daal and bhaat chaah kar ke khaao or Daal and bhaat ka chaar ke khao. (He was sure about everything except the placement of the ch and first k​.) The former seems more logical to me as it contains the root for want. I have made assumptions about spelling and word breaks in my transliteration based on my highly untrained ear.

The breakup of the sentence given by you is correct. More:

1) If one wants to say "I want daal and bhaat to eat", one can say, "Mujhe daal-bhaat khane ko deejiye/do". मुझे दाल-भात खाने को दीजिये. ("deejiye" to an elder person and "do" to a younger person)

2) "Daal and bhaat chaah kar ke khaao." is an unusual sentence if not wrong. People seldom say it to mean "I want to eat daal-bhaat".

3) "Daal aur bhaat maang kar khao". (दाल और भात माँग कर खाओ.) => Means "Please ask for daal-bhaat to eat."

4) "Daal aur bhaat ka chaar ke khao" => This doesn't have any proper meaning.

5) "Daal aur bhaat kachar ke khao" => Some times people say "khachar ke" to mean "to eat voraciously". Though I am not sure if it was said here.

My guess is that the person meant to say #3 from above? "maangna" means "to want" while "chaahna" means "to wish", and "maangna" seems to be more apt here than "chaahna".